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The long bag low-pressure pulse bag filter for electric furnace steelmaking is already a mature technology in China. The core of its technology is the selection of filter material and gas cloth ratio for pulse bag filter to adapt to the characteristics of electric furnace smoke and dust. At present, the application of long bag low-pressure pulse bag dust removal technology in electric furnace dust removal systems is almost conventional, but most long bag low-pressure pulse bag dust collectors have a square structure. Uneven airflow results in uneven dust collection efficiency of the filter bag, leading to uneven bag pressure and affecting the service life of the filter bag. In addition, the airflow is prone to forming "vortices", and the structural defects of poor airtightness and high air leakage rate greatly reduce the dust collection effect of the dust collector, seriously causing sticky electric furnace dust to stick to the bag and lose its dust removal function. Furthermore, the large size, high steel consumption, and large investment have also become the burden of business investment for customers. With these issues in mind, the author has attempted to apply the long bag low-pressure pulse bag filter designed by the author to the dust removal system of small and medium-sized steelmaking electric furnaces in several small and medium-sized steel plants, and has achieved great success.
2 × 20t steelmaking electric arc furnace. The variety being refined is construction steel, and its smoke volume is calculated to be 2 × 180000 m3/h.
1、 Process flow
2、 Main equipment selection
1. Electric furnace capture hood: With a flue gas capture rate of 90%, the electric furnace flue gas purification system adopts a fixed hood+mobile (semi) closed hood capture method. The use of a mobile enclosed hood has the characteristics of capture and low investment. The mobile (semi) airtight cover is mainly composed of fixed wall panels, fixed suction and blowing horns, and movable feeding operation doors. When adding materials, the movable door is opened. When the material basket is lifted to the top of the furnace, the door gradually closes, leaving only one gap for the wire rope movement of the material basket, which can meet the production needs. After the feeding is completed, the movable door is closed. The mobile cover is composed of two sets of deceleration transmission devices and two rollers, which move linearly along the direction of the factory building frame on the guide rail.
2. LF refining furnace capture hood: The refining furnace adopts a mobile side suction hood to capture flue gas. For a 20 ton LF furnace, its composition is relatively stable and the amount of flue gas is small. The mobile side suction hood calculates the exhaust volume based on the inlet area and inlet velocity.
3. Pipeline configuration: Calculate the total amount of flue gas based on the above working conditions
The system pipeline configuration is as follows: (1) The diameter of all pipelines is calculated based on the flow velocity of 18m/s and the smoke flow rate flowing through each pipeline;
(2) Install Φ 600 dust cleaning holes every 15 meters in the pipeline;
(3) Strengthen the pipeline every 5 meters;
(4) Install system air volume control valves for pipeline systems;
(5) Install expansion joints in pipelines according to specifications; （
6) The proper angle for pipeline layout.
4. Flue gas cooling mixer: Due to the narrow space and lack of planning in small and medium-sized steel plants, the arrangement of dust collectors is generally close to the electric furnace. However, the production temperature of the electric furnace is relatively high, and sometimes there may be situations where the filter bag and equipment are burned due to fire. In order to ensure the stable operation of the entire dust collector, the system is equipped with a flue gas cooling mixer to balance the pressure of the mixed flue gas; On the other hand, cooling and lowering the temperature when the temperature is higher than the operating temperature of the filter bag is necessary for the operation of the dust collector system. Design requirement: The material of the flue gas cooling mixer is Q235; The import and export of equipment is generally between 16-25s/m, and this design takes 18s/m; The flow velocity inside the cylinder is 10s/m; Install one upper fireproof plate and one lower fireproof plate inside the cylinder; To facilitate maintenance, set up platforms and railings; The accident mixing valve is a pneumatic disc valve; 5. Dust collector selection: The dust removal equipment adopts G-ZHYDN type intensive combination cylindrical long bag low-pressure pulse bag dust collector and supporting fan, motor and control system.
The system operation can vary according to the smelting process of the electric furnace. The fan speed adopts electro-hydraulic starting method, and the long bag low-pressure pulse bag dust collector adopts pulse cleaning method. The dust collector adopts independent air duct and symmetrical double tangential rotation of the middle cylinder for air intake. Large particle dust can directly fall into the dust hopper of the dust collector under the action of inertia force, and small dust is captured by the filter bag when it rises with the airflow. The filter material adopts polyester filter material with surface filtration performance, which has good dust and filter bag stripping ability, strong dust cleaning efficiency, stable operation resistance of the dust collector, and no bag breakage in the filter bag after nearly a year of use. The main technical parameters of the long bag low-pressure pulse bag filter are as follows: long bag low-pressure pulse bag filter, processing objects: 20 ton electric furnace dust removal (2 sets), 20 ton refining furnace dust removal (1 set), processing flue gas volume of 4550000m3/h, filtering area of 5420m2, filtering wind speed of 1.38m/min, number of compartments 5 × 2=10 (double row arrangement), filter bag size of Φ 160.